Category Archives: CS-343

The Rest APi

 

The article “What Is a REST API?
Examples, Uses, and Challenges”, published on the Postman blog, provides an
accessible overview of REST APIs. Rest Api works as a backbone in modern web
communication. It explains that a REST API (Representational State Transfer) is
a standardized way for systems to exchange data over the web using common HTTP
methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. It briefly explains the history of
the rest api and the comparing to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) api
which required strict message formatting and heavier data exchange while REST api
emerged as a lighter and more flexible architectural style built on standard
HTTP methods. The piece also informs best practices for using REST api like using
correct HTTP status codes, providing helpful error messages, enforcing security
through HTTPS and tokens, In the end, the article shows real-world examples
from well-known platforms like Twitter, Instagram, Amazon S3, and Plaid,
showing how REST APIs are used at scale in everyday applications.

As a software developer trying to be a
full stack developer, api calls were one of my weakest points since I am
struggling to understand how to use it effectively even though I tried to use
it in many areas. I had to ensure that I have a strong, up-to-date conceptual
foundation of what REST APIs are and how they are designed and used in practice
as I use. Since Postman is one of the leading platforms in the API ecosystem,
its educational resources provide an excellent reference point for gaining both
theoretical and practical understanding of how REST APIs work in real-world
development.

Even though the article was long , with YouTube
videos and hard time to understand everything, this article with postman helped
me to better understand the history and the usage of the rest api and its real-world
use compared to before. I learned that REST is not a technology or tool but an
architectural style that enforces clear separation between client and server,
promotes scalability, and ensures that each request carries all necessary
information. Later I plan to use this information to carefully use api as I plan
to create my own REST api endpoints that provide access to datasets and user
submissions while documenting things well unlike before. Ultimately, my goal is
to become comfortable enough with APIs that I can architect entire applications

article link: https://blog.postman.com/rest-api-examples/ 

From the blog Sung Jin's CS Devlopemnt Blog by Unknown and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

The Rest APi

 

The article “What Is a REST API?
Examples, Uses, and Challenges”, published on the Postman blog, provides an
accessible overview of REST APIs. Rest Api works as a backbone in modern web
communication. It explains that a REST API (Representational State Transfer) is
a standardized way for systems to exchange data over the web using common HTTP
methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. It briefly explains the history of
the rest api and the comparing to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) api
which required strict message formatting and heavier data exchange while REST api
emerged as a lighter and more flexible architectural style built on standard
HTTP methods. The piece also informs best practices for using REST api like using
correct HTTP status codes, providing helpful error messages, enforcing security
through HTTPS and tokens, In the end, the article shows real-world examples
from well-known platforms like Twitter, Instagram, Amazon S3, and Plaid,
showing how REST APIs are used at scale in everyday applications.

As a software developer trying to be a
full stack developer, api calls were one of my weakest points since I am
struggling to understand how to use it effectively even though I tried to use
it in many areas. I had to ensure that I have a strong, up-to-date conceptual
foundation of what REST APIs are and how they are designed and used in practice
as I use. Since Postman is one of the leading platforms in the API ecosystem,
its educational resources provide an excellent reference point for gaining both
theoretical and practical understanding of how REST APIs work in real-world
development.

Even though the article was long , with YouTube
videos and hard time to understand everything, this article with postman helped
me to better understand the history and the usage of the rest api and its real-world
use compared to before. I learned that REST is not a technology or tool but an
architectural style that enforces clear separation between client and server,
promotes scalability, and ensures that each request carries all necessary
information. Later I plan to use this information to carefully use api as I plan
to create my own REST api endpoints that provide access to datasets and user
submissions while documenting things well unlike before. Ultimately, my goal is
to become comfortable enough with APIs that I can architect entire applications

article link: https://blog.postman.com/rest-api-examples/ 

From the blog Sung Jin's CS Devlopemnt Blog by Unknown and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

The Rest APi

 

The article “What Is a REST API?
Examples, Uses, and Challenges”, published on the Postman blog, provides an
accessible overview of REST APIs. Rest Api works as a backbone in modern web
communication. It explains that a REST API (Representational State Transfer) is
a standardized way for systems to exchange data over the web using common HTTP
methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. It briefly explains the history of
the rest api and the comparing to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) api
which required strict message formatting and heavier data exchange while REST api
emerged as a lighter and more flexible architectural style built on standard
HTTP methods. The piece also informs best practices for using REST api like using
correct HTTP status codes, providing helpful error messages, enforcing security
through HTTPS and tokens, In the end, the article shows real-world examples
from well-known platforms like Twitter, Instagram, Amazon S3, and Plaid,
showing how REST APIs are used at scale in everyday applications.

As a software developer trying to be a
full stack developer, api calls were one of my weakest points since I am
struggling to understand how to use it effectively even though I tried to use
it in many areas. I had to ensure that I have a strong, up-to-date conceptual
foundation of what REST APIs are and how they are designed and used in practice
as I use. Since Postman is one of the leading platforms in the API ecosystem,
its educational resources provide an excellent reference point for gaining both
theoretical and practical understanding of how REST APIs work in real-world
development.

Even though the article was long , with YouTube
videos and hard time to understand everything, this article with postman helped
me to better understand the history and the usage of the rest api and its real-world
use compared to before. I learned that REST is not a technology or tool but an
architectural style that enforces clear separation between client and server,
promotes scalability, and ensures that each request carries all necessary
information. Later I plan to use this information to carefully use api as I plan
to create my own REST api endpoints that provide access to datasets and user
submissions while documenting things well unlike before. Ultimately, my goal is
to become comfortable enough with APIs that I can architect entire applications

article link: https://blog.postman.com/rest-api-examples/ 

From the blog Sung Jin's CS Devlopemnt Blog by Unknown and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

APIs

Throughout my time in numerous computer science classes, API has been a common term that I’ve heard, but I never actually knew what it meant or what it did. I was happy to finally learn about it during class activities and in the introduction of Thea’s Pantry. I found an article by AWS explaining more in depth what APIs are.

What are APIs?

API stands for Application Programming Interface and is a mechanism that enables two software components to communicate with each other using a set of definitions and protocols, similar to the communication between the front end and the back end in Thea’s Pantry. The application sending the request is referred to as the client, and the application responding to the request is the server. In relation to Thea’s Pantry, the front end is the client making calls to the back end, which is the server in this case. Different types of APIs exist such as SOAP, RPC, Websocket, and REST. REST APIs are the most flexible and most popular, and are also the type that we are using in Thea’s Pantry.

REST API

REST APIs are so popular and flexible because the client sends requests to the server as data, and the server uses the client input to start internal functions and send output data back to the client. REST stands for Representational State Transfer and the API uses functions such as GET, PUT, and DELETE in order to access server data. These functions were seen and tested out in recent class activities. The main feature however is statelessness, which means that servers do not save client data between requests. This is a great benefit because it provides scalability, reliability, simplicity and many other key advantages. It is a very good idea to add security to APIs, and REST APIs can be secured by using authorization tokens and API keys.

How to use and API

The first step to using an API is obtaining an API key, which is accomplished by creating a verified account with an API provider. Next, set up an HTTP API client, which will allow you to structure API requests using the API keys. GET, PUT, and DELETE are all HTTP methods for the REST API as seen in class. Even if you do not have an HTTP client, it is still possible to structure requests by yourself in your browser by referring to the documentation of the selected API. And once you understand the API syntax, you are ready to use it on your code.

Source

https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/api

From the blog CS@Worcester – Blog del William by William Cordor and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

The Rest APi

 

The article “What Is a REST API?
Examples, Uses, and Challenges”, published on the Postman blog, provides an
accessible overview of REST APIs. Rest Api works as a backbone in modern web
communication. It explains that a REST API (Representational State Transfer) is
a standardized way for systems to exchange data over the web using common HTTP
methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. It briefly explains the history of
the rest api and the comparing to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) api
which required strict message formatting and heavier data exchange while REST api
emerged as a lighter and more flexible architectural style built on standard
HTTP methods. The piece also informs best practices for using REST api like using
correct HTTP status codes, providing helpful error messages, enforcing security
through HTTPS and tokens, In the end, the article shows real-world examples
from well-known platforms like Twitter, Instagram, Amazon S3, and Plaid,
showing how REST APIs are used at scale in everyday applications.

As a software developer trying to be a
full stack developer, api calls were one of my weakest points since I am
struggling to understand how to use it effectively even though I tried to use
it in many areas. I had to ensure that I have a strong, up-to-date conceptual
foundation of what REST APIs are and how they are designed and used in practice
as I use. Since Postman is one of the leading platforms in the API ecosystem,
its educational resources provide an excellent reference point for gaining both
theoretical and practical understanding of how REST APIs work in real-world
development.

Even though the article was long , with YouTube
videos and hard time to understand everything, this article with postman helped
me to better understand the history and the usage of the rest api and its real-world
use compared to before. I learned that REST is not a technology or tool but an
architectural style that enforces clear separation between client and server,
promotes scalability, and ensures that each request carries all necessary
information. Later I plan to use this information to carefully use api as I plan
to create my own REST api endpoints that provide access to datasets and user
submissions while documenting things well unlike before. Ultimately, my goal is
to become comfortable enough with APIs that I can architect entire applications

article link: https://blog.postman.com/rest-api-examples/ 

From the blog Sung Jin's CS Devlopemnt Blog by Unknown and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

The Rest APi

 

The article “What Is a REST API?
Examples, Uses, and Challenges”, published on the Postman blog, provides an
accessible overview of REST APIs. Rest Api works as a backbone in modern web
communication. It explains that a REST API (Representational State Transfer) is
a standardized way for systems to exchange data over the web using common HTTP
methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. It briefly explains the history of
the rest api and the comparing to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) api
which required strict message formatting and heavier data exchange while REST api
emerged as a lighter and more flexible architectural style built on standard
HTTP methods. The piece also informs best practices for using REST api like using
correct HTTP status codes, providing helpful error messages, enforcing security
through HTTPS and tokens, In the end, the article shows real-world examples
from well-known platforms like Twitter, Instagram, Amazon S3, and Plaid,
showing how REST APIs are used at scale in everyday applications.

As a software developer trying to be a
full stack developer, api calls were one of my weakest points since I am
struggling to understand how to use it effectively even though I tried to use
it in many areas. I had to ensure that I have a strong, up-to-date conceptual
foundation of what REST APIs are and how they are designed and used in practice
as I use. Since Postman is one of the leading platforms in the API ecosystem,
its educational resources provide an excellent reference point for gaining both
theoretical and practical understanding of how REST APIs work in real-world
development.

Even though the article was long , with YouTube
videos and hard time to understand everything, this article with postman helped
me to better understand the history and the usage of the rest api and its real-world
use compared to before. I learned that REST is not a technology or tool but an
architectural style that enforces clear separation between client and server,
promotes scalability, and ensures that each request carries all necessary
information. Later I plan to use this information to carefully use api as I plan
to create my own REST api endpoints that provide access to datasets and user
submissions while documenting things well unlike before. Ultimately, my goal is
to become comfortable enough with APIs that I can architect entire applications

article link: https://blog.postman.com/rest-api-examples/ 

From the blog Sung Jin's CS Devlopemnt Blog by Unknown and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Semantic Versioning

For this blog, I read two articles that gave me more insight into why semantic versioning is important for developers. The article, “Semantic versioning: Why You Should Be Using it,” by Kitty Giraudel, from SitePoint, discusses how semantic versioning can bring clarity and predictability to software projects. The other article, “Using semantic versioning tags,” by Marc Campbell from Medium, explained how these principles apply to container environments. These articles emphasize that versioning isn’t just a label for updates, it’s a method of stability, communication, and trust between developers and their systems.

Semantic versioning, or SemVar, follows a three-part system. This is major.minor.patch. A major change is something that might break existing code. Compatibility here is not guaranteed. A minor change may add new features, but it is backward compatible. A patch can have bug fixes, small tweaks, and also remain backward compatible. This allows teams to understand the scale of an update easily.

This builds predictability and confidence. Without semantic versioning, people wouldn’t even update out of fear that any update may break their system. This allows devs to plan for upgrades and maintain a stable codebase.

This concept parallels directly to Docker images. Container images have multiple tags(exp. 1, 1.0, 1.0.1, or latest). The latest tags always point to the most recent version. More specific tags like 1.1.0 or 1.0.0 represent a snapshot in time of that release. This gives devs added flexibility. The ability to just use the 1.0  would allow you to get all the latest updates without the potential of breaking anything.

Semantic versioning is a method of communication between developers. It’s a simple but important concept like UML diagrams. This is about maintaining a level of clarity within complex systems. The more organized the system versioning is, the better off we are down the line.

When everyone is following the same structure and the same system, developers can predict the impact of their updates without having to slew through documentation or code. It allows for more transparency, which can help the team work more efficiently for larger projects. This scales whether you are using API or Docker. Symantec versioning may seem minuscule, but getting a better understanding of this will definitely help me in the long run. It reinforces good habits that reduce confusion, help collaboration, and help projects evolve with fewer issues over time

https://medium.com/@mccode/using-semantic-versioning-for-docker-image-tags-dfde8be06699

https://www.sitepoint.com/semantic-versioning-why-you-should-using/

View at Medium.com

From the blog CS@Worcester – Aaron Nanos Software Blog by Aaron Nano and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Testing Smarter, Not Harder: What I Learned About Software Testing

by: Queenstar Kyere Gyamfi

For my second self-directed professional development blog, I read an article from freeCodeCamp titled What is Software Testing? A Beginner’s Guide. The post explains what software testing really is, why it’s essential in the development process, and breaks down the different types of testing that developers use to make sure software works as intended.

The article starts with a simple but powerful definition: testing is the process of making sure your software works the way it should. It then describes several types of testing like unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing and explains how each one focuses on different levels of a program. It also introduces core testing principles such as “testing shows the presence of defects, not their absence” and “exhaustive testing is impossible.” Those ideas really stood out to me because they show that testing isn’t about proving perfection it’s about discovering what still needs to be improved.

I chose this article because, as a computer science student and IT/helpdesk worker, I deal with troubleshooting and debugging almost daily. I’ve always seen testing as something that happens after coding, but this article completely changed that mindset. It made me realize that testing is an ongoing part of development, not a one-time task before deployment. It’s a process that ensures software is not only functional but also reliable for real users.

What I found most interesting was how the author connected testing to collaboration and communication. Writing good test cases is like writing good documentation, it helps other developers understand what the software should do. The idea of “testing early and often” also makes a lot of sense. By catching issues early in the process, developers can save time, reduce costs, and prevent bigger headaches later on.

Reading this made me reflect on my own coding habits. I’ve had moments in class where my code worked “most of the time,” but I didn’t always test for edge cases or unexpected inputs. Moving forward, I plan to write more tests for my own projects, even simple ones. Whether it’s a class assignment, a group project, or a personal program, I now see testing as a chance to build confidence in my work and improve how I think about quality.

Overall, this article helped me understand that software testing isn’t just about finding bugs it’s about building better software. It’s a mindset that values curiosity, patience, and teamwork. By applying these lessons, I’ll be better prepared not only to write code that works but to deliver software that lasts.

***The link to the article is in the first paragraph***

From the blog CS@Worcester – Circuit Star | Tech & Business Insights by Queenstar Kyere Gyamfi and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Understanding CPU Cache: L1, L2, and L3 Differences

In my spare time over the past couple of weeks I was looking into why do cpu manufacturers advertise the amount of cache they have in their cpus. It made me start to wonder. In video games people want to have as much L3 cache as possible but for work stations they might want a mixture of L1 and L2 cache instead of L3 cache. After reading a few articles, the cpu cache is made of SRAM (Static Random Access Memory). Which is high speed memory located very close to the cpu and it is volatile memory. The purpose of cache is so that the cpu can access data really quickly to complete the operation. 

Then it made me start to think about the differences between the three different caches. Let me start off with L1 cache.

L1 Cache 

  • Is made within the cpu core 
  • L1 is the closest and smallest out of the others 
  • L1 size is around 16KB – 128KB depending on cpu model 
  • L1 is directly mapped on the main memory blocks to improve speed of data 
  • The main purpose of L1 is to store the data and instructions that the cpu uses the most
  • L1 access data within 1 – 3 clock cycles

L2 Cache 

  • Is either core specific or shared between other cores 
  • The size ranges between 256KB – 2MB 
  • L2 access data within 3 – 10 clock cycles
  • The purpose of L2 cache is very similar to L1 it is just that the LRU (least recently used) decides whether to have the data be in L1 or L2 
  • L2 cache can be direct-mapped, set-associative or fully-associative just depends on cpu 
  • It also helps L1 to store additional data if needed 

L3 Cache 

  • L3 cache is shared with multiple cores 
  • Are the furthest from the cpu cores
  • Has the most capacity out of the group, which ranges between 2MB -64MB or more  
  • It has the same purpose of L2 cache but the LRU manages which data is sent to the L3 or L2 
  • Slowest speed it takes 10 – 20 or more clock cycles to access data
  •  L3 cache data can be manipulated and other cores can see the new data
  • In order to help maintain consistency between shared cores 
  • L3 cache associativity is 4 way or more mapped 

Even though the advancements of cpu manufacturers are trying to push the limits of cache it is still dependent on the users’ need for them. 

From the blog CS@Worcester – Site Title by Ben Santos and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Building Secure and Scalable APIs

For my second blog, I read “Best Practices for Building a Secure and Scalable API” from MuleSoft’s API University. The article goes over how developers can build APIs that don’t crash when traffic grows and that keep user data safe at the same time. It focuses on two things every developer worries about: scalability and security, and how good design decisions affect both.

It explains that scalability is all about how well your API handles growth. Vertical scaling means giving one server more power, while horizontal scaling spreads the load across multiple servers. The author also talks about caching, async processing, and rate limiting to help APIs run smoothly when there’s a lot of traffic. That part made me think about our Microservices Activities in class, where we created REST endpoints and thought about how requests would move through the system. The same design choices we made like organizing resources clearly and using the right HTTP methods are what help APIs scale better in the real world.

Then it shifts to security. It breaks down the basics: use HTTPS for encryption, OAuth 2.0 for authentication, and proper logging to track activity. What stuck with me most was how it said security should be built into the design from the start, not added on later. That lined up with what we’ve been learning about maintainable design in CS-343. If you think about security and structure early, your system stays reliable long term.

I picked this article because it directly connects to what we’re doing in class. We’ve been designing REST APIs and talking about microservice architecture, and this blog felt like a real world version of that. It also ties into the design principles we’ve covered, keeping systems modular and loosely coupled so updates and security changes don’t break everything else.

After reading it, I realized scalability and security go hand in hand. You can’t have one without the other. A system that handles tons of traffic but isn’t secure is a problem, and the same goes for one that’s super secure but slow or unreliable. My main takeaway is that good API design is about balance, thinking ahead so what you build keeps working and stays safe as it grows.

Link: https://www.mulesoft.com/api-university/best-practices-building-secure-and-scalable-api

From the blog CS@Worcester – Harley Philippe's Tech Journal by Harley Philippe and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.