Software testing is verifying that a software product performs the way it is designed to.  The benefits of software testing are preventing errors or bugs from being in a program. When doing software testing, it is best to do testing during the start of a build, during the build, and after the deployment or release of a program. Through doing software testing, developers and companies can ensure there are no defects, or issues before releasing or prompting a product. If there are bugs or defects in company products, there is going to be a loss in customers and money. Some of the different types of software testing include acceptance testing, unit testing, and security testing. Acceptance testing is ensuring that a coding program runs and that there are no errors. Unit testing is testing parts of a program instead of testing a whole program. In  Unix systems programming class, I was exposed to unit testing in homework projects, where I had to write parts of a program and receive a grade for each part, and couldn’t move forward until receiving full credit on a part of a program. Unit testing can lead to fewer errors than acceptance testing. It is a better practice to test your code small bits at a time than to run a whole program. Security testing is ensuring that software programs are safe from hackers that could lead to being denied access to your software, or your software working incorrectly.

Software testing was first developed after the ending of world war two. Computer scientist Tom Kilburn wrote the first piece of software by performing mathematical calculations. Debugging was the main testing strategy at the time. By the 1980’s there were other strategies of software application testing outside of fixing bugs and errors. The process of software testing includes determining a testing method to use, developing test cases or setting up requirements for the test, writing scripts or parts of a program, analyzing test results, and writing a report. For large software programs, there are tools used to complete tasks and work on running tests for different tasks, with instant feedback on what works or not works for a program. Through reporting and analytics, teams can present their results in a dashboard, which would allow everyone to see the overall result of a project. Reporting results show how testing the product leads to the result. 

Blog url: https://www.ibm.com/topics/software-testing

From the blog CS@Worcester – jonathan's computer journey by Jonathan Mujjumbi and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

This week, as we’ve been learning a lot more about Git and different features of it, I decided to find an article that talks about different commands that we may have not used and what they do. The article I found titled “Modern Git Commands and Features You Should Be Using” by Martin Heinz, explains some newer(ish) commands in Git that people still may not know about or just hardly ever use.

He opens up with the switch and restore commands but these are commands we’ve already learned about and used, so I’m going to skip over these.

The first one he mentions that I had not heard of is “sparse-checkout”. If you have a large repo with many different individual directories, it can cause certain commands to run extremely slow such as the normal “checkout” command or the “Status” command. With sparse-checkout, you can configure git to only checkout files in a specific directory. You would then use sparse-checkout set to download or checkout that specific directory. As you can see, this would be extremely useful in scenarios where you have a massive repo with a large amount of directories. Being able to specifically select the directories you want, rather than having to deal with all of them on more generalized git commands can be a huge time saver which is certainly a value many programmers hold highly.

Another command he mentions, which I find to be extremely cool and probably one of the most useful commands I’ve seen is “bisect”. Essentially, you run a “git bisect start” command linking a commit that does not work, as well as the last known working commit. Bisect will find the halfway point between these two commits, and you can either say “Good” or “Bad” depending on whether or not the commit is selects works or doesn’t. From there, it will keep on going halfway until it finds the exact commit where the errors that stopped the code from working started. This seems to be an extremely useful and honestly just cool command as it makes the process of finding the issues within a given program a million times easier. It is a command I will certainly be using in the future, probably a lot, and I’m very glad someone was keen enough to actually make this a working command.

Overall, the two commands I spoke about seem to be extremely useful, especially bisect, and I will certainly hold onto them for future reference in Git. Heinz also mentions the “Worktree” command but, while this command also seems quite useful, I found the other two to be much cooler as well as understandable to use. It also opens my eyes to the fact that there are also many other git commands and features that could be utilized, and I’m definitely going to look into the rest of them as I am sure I will find a few more very useful commands.

Source: https://martinheinz.dev/blog/109?utm_source=tldrwebdev

From the blog CS@Worcester – RBradleyBlog by Ryan Bradley and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

As an expressly visual and hands-on learner, I try to find resources that have decent practical visuals and explanations. In class we already do this, and I’ve already had the chance to have some practice with Git and various remote repo websites like GitHub. But I wanted to have a more succinct and shorter summarization of Git and how to use it. This video was actually perfect for that as it essentially runs through what Git is, how it’s used and what it’s used for and then goes over some complicated problems that can show up eventually when using Git. I mostly chose this specific video because of what I’ve mentioned previously where I was looking for something a bit more visual for me to sink my teeth into that I can extract information from as using git is still somewhat complicated to me.

Watching through this video was actually pleasant as it had lots of very appealing and easy to understand visuals with a lot of examples of everything discussed or mentioned in it. I very much enjoyed the experience it provided but it was still a mostly basic, more foundational resource designed to give a nice outline of what git can do and that I can really appreciate as I’m still relatively new when it comes to something like this. But seeing how git is more flexible than I initially thought was nice to know as I didn’t really connect that it also works with other repo websites other than GitHub, as I’ve only really had to use it in that instance.

But seeing the different applications of git and the different issues that can arise with it I am imagining that it will most likely be a headache that I’ll have to contend with very often, especially when it comes to merging problems. Hopefully though this will not be the case and every project I work on will go perfectly. Evidently though I can foresee that git will actually just be something I have to interface with on a most likely daily basis where I’ll be pulling, committing, fetching, merging, and pushing all the time especially if there’s any collaboration to be had. So, it would only make sense for me to really practice and understand the depths and complexities of what git can do, so for the near future I’ll probably be looking for something to take me into those depths.

Here’s the video:

From the blog CS@Worcester – aRomeoDev by aromeo4f978d012d4 and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Intro

Choosing a development environment to use is a decision that can be made based on feeling, or by taking the time to think out each choice and analyze which best fits your needs. Either way the environment that a developer uses is what is super important as it’s where all code is made in any project, making it the tool that every developer spends the most time using. It’s a personal choice and this blog by Matthew LeRay goes over everything you need to know about developer environments.

Summary of Source

This blog encompasses all that is needed to know about developer environments, including their purpose, importance, and what IDE’s are with some examples. The main sections are:

1. Definition and Purpose: A structured setup of tools and processes that enhances software creation by automating tasks, supporting debugging, and ensuring consistency with production.
2. Types of Development Environments: Explains the purpose and distinct roles of development, testing, staging, and production environments.
3. Integrated Development Environment (IDE): The evolution of IDE’s and what they offer such as speed/efficiency and customizable features.
4. Setting up a Development Environment: Goes through the steps of configuring your environment, from choosing the IDE, to configuring it and using tools like build automation.

The Reason I Chose This Source

For any new programmer, looking for an IDE to use can be confusing because of the lack of knowledge about what they even are, mixed with the daunting task of choosing one to learn and use. I chose this blog because it bridges that gap of being a new programmer having no idea what a developer environment even is, to choosing and setting up their IDE. It’s a very reader friendly resource, that even some experienced developers could learn from.

A Reflection of IDE’s

I personally use Visual Studio Code for the majority of what I program, but have used IntelliJ as well. I chose my IDE more based on appearance and general word of mouth, which is why I gravitated towards VS code, as it’s arguably the most popular and user-friendly IDE. I do like IntelliJ as it feels good to use, and although a drawback to others might be it’s a java only IDE, I only use java so that isn’t a problem for me. VS code also has a great variety of personalization options because of the extensions tab in the IDE. Extensions are great for not only appearance but also functional improvements. I think extensions are a big reason VS code is so popular, as well as its ability to support many languages, not restricting it to one the same way IntelliJ does. An IDE encompasses a ton of different tools a developer uses, so picking one that fits your needs is important. Becoming comfortable and familiar with the IDE you use is more important than switching to the “best” IDE for a developer based on some abstract metrics that others believe is the most important thing to have in an IDE.

My Future IDE Plans

I think I will continue to use VS code for now, but I can see myself trying out more technical and not-so user friendly IDE’s like Vim in the future. There really isn’t a need to switch it up if it’s working and honestly I don’t think it should be switched often. I will also probably utilize IntelliJ more as I do think it’s the best IDE for java which is the language I use most often.

Citation

Understanding Modern Development Environments: A Complete Guide by Matthew LeRay

From the blog CS@Worcester – The Science of Computation by Adam Jacher and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

In continuing my research on team management strategies, I delved deeper and more specifically into the Software Development side of team management. In doing so I discovered the scrum.org blog, which has many different articles based on understanding Scrum. Two of the most important principles in Scrum are transparency and autonomy, and I wished to delve deeper into understanding how to achieve those in a team setting. The article I found explained how those two play into each other greatly. The article’s title is Transparency and Autonomy: Two Sides of the Same Coin by Sanjay Saini

The article begins by explaining agile’s fast-paced style of producing working code. How autonomy and independence can be essential for fast results. The article explains that in Agile, teams seek this autonomy to make decisions and deliver value without excessive oversight. Transparency can become essential for fostering this autonomy. The article explains that by making work visible, tracking progress, and openly addressing challenges, more autonomy and trust can be given. The article highlights five key points to help allow for this trust and efficiency:

1. Visibility Creates Trust: By sharing progress and challenges during Scrum events like Daily Scrums and Sprint Reviews, it shows that the team is accountable and can be trusted to be autonomous.
2. Transparency in Challenges Leads to Solutions: Being open about struggles encourages collaboration and problem-solving, proving the team can manage setbacks and seek out help when they need it independently.
3. Data-Driven Transparency Builds Confidence: Using metrics like velocity and burndown charts shows consistent results, building leadership confidence in the team’s capability.
4. Transparency Causes Better Decision-Making: When a team has full visibility into goals, priorities, and feedback, they can make informed decisions independently. Information needs to be freely shared for autonomy to occur, and good decisions.
5. Open Communication Builds Long-Term Autonomy: Regular, open communication about decision-making processes helps cultivate trust and secure more autonomy over time, as the team can continue to build trust through constant demonstration of these values.

The article concludes by saying that, transparency creates a culture of trust and accountability, enabling Scrum teams to earn the autonomy needed to make decisions and drive value.

This article helped me understand the importance of these values to a Scrum team’s operation. This is a key step in understanding Scrum’s importance in the operation of a team, as things such as transparency can make a smoother work environment for everyone by providing autonomy. Next in my blog, I will look into articles relating to development environments such as Docker or GitPod and their importance for maintaining a productive team.

Source:

https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/transparency-and-autonomy-two-sides-same-coin

From the blog CS@Worcester – WSU CS Blog: Ben Gelineau by Ben Gelineau and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

I believe that using systems like Git are an important tool for developers. Yet, one of the more challenging aspects of working with Git is resolving merge conflicts, an occurrence in collaborative projects. For this blog entry, I chose to review the Graphite guide on resolving merge conflicts. This resource provided a clearer, step-by-step approach to handling merge conflicts, and I found it both insightful and practical after learning it through homework and in class.

Guide of Merge Conflicts

The guide explains the basics of merge conflicts in Git, outlining what they are and why they occur. It details the types of conflicts, these arising from edits in the same line of code or overlapping changes across different branches. Resolving these conflicts using Git commands like git status and git diff to identify issues and git merge to bring changes together. The guide concludes taht with best practices to prevent merge conflicts, such as pulling the latest changes regularly, using feature branches, and maintaining clear communications within a team.

Why I Chose This Resource

I chose this resource cause it was a little confusing at first. After reading/researching multiple articles and websites like this one it refreshens your knowledge. Now I know that merge conflicts are a just not a concept we’ve discussed, but we learned about the importance of version control in collaborative coding environments. We learned how tools like Git enable teamwork by allowing simultaneous contributions, but we also explored how conflicts can arise when changes overlap. Despite this, this has to be one of the most stressful aspects of group projects.

Personal Reflections and Insights

Reading this guide helped de-reconstruct merge conflicts. I particularly liked the detailed explanations of the commands, as it’s easy to misuse or misinterpret them when under pressure or when you are clueless. While I’ve often focused on “fixing the conflict,” I’ve ignored on verifying how the changes interact, which has caused issues in past projects.

Another valuable takeaway I think was the important of adopting preventive measures. In class, we learned about best practices like pulling changes frequently and using feature branches, but this guide provided additional context that made these tips feel more somewhat actionable.

Future Practice

I want to apply this knowledge in upcoming group projects. Whether working on a shared repository for class or contributing to open-source projects, knowing how to resolve merge conflicts efficiently will save time and reduce confusion. This guide also inspired me to explore additional tools, like Visual Studio Code’s merge conflict interface, to streamline the process further. By combining these technical skills with teamwork, it will be better prepared to contribute effectively in collaborative environments understanding resolving merge conflicts.

https://graphite.dev/guides/how-to-resolve-merge-conflicts-in-git

From the blog CS@Worcester – function & form by Nathan Bui and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.