Even though we don’t consciously think about this fact, many products that we use in our daily lives are made with particular specifications and go through rigorous testing and quality assurance before they are put out for public use. Regardless of the complexity, every product that we use is expected to go through particular standardized procedures that will ensure that the product can fulfill certain specifications before it is put out for any kind of use. Essentially, everything created that is meant for use goes through the process of Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) in order to ensure that quality specifications are met and that the end result of a product is satisfactory.
Components of computer systems, specifically software (as it is the focus of this blog), are among those products that go through the process of QA and QC testing before they are released to the end consumers in order to ensure that quality specifications are met and that the products released are the best that they can possibly be in regards to performance, security, and whatnot. Essentially, QA and QC testing in regards to software are what separate a good product of code from a defective code of lesser quality. Though both QA and QC testing are important parts of software development, it is important to properly define each terms and to make a distinction between the two. Though I will be using this blog to discuss Software Quality Assurance Testing specifically, I believe it would be helpful to understand the distinctions between Quality Assurance and Quality Control.
In software engineering, quality assurance is a set of standardized procedures whose aim is to ensure that certain specifications of quality are being met during development, therefore making this process a core part of software development. On the contrary, quality control is a process of software engineering which evaluates the quality of the end product, meaning that this process occurs after development and before a product is distributed rather than alongside it. While both processes make sure that quality standards of software are met, their difference lies on which part of development they typically occur in. Moreover, in the context of software development, QA ensures that certain defects, such as bugs, are properly taken care of during development, whereas QC might address less technical issues that could still impact the quality of the end product if left unaddressed and ensure that improvements to the end product are made accordingly.
There are multiple methods of QA Testing which may be divided into two types, functional and non-functional. Functional QA testing ensures that the software works as intended depending on the inputs or overall interactions an end user has with it. On the other hand, non-functional QA testing aims to conduct tests regarding (but not limited to):
- Vulnerability/Security: such testing ensures that there are no security risks that would result in the system the software was installed on to be compromised by any means (i.e. hacking, data leaks)
- Compatibility: such test ensures that the software is fully compatible with and can be implemented on the system it was created to run on.
- Usability: such test ensures that the software is intuitive and can be used by end users with minimal difficulty (i.e. user-friendly GUI)
- Performance: such test ensures that the software can work in a variety of situations on the system it is implemented on, along with making sure that it can operate within the system’s limitations
In order to make sure that software performs well on a functional level, it often goes through rigorous unit and integration testing, both of which are used to ensure that software can perform by examining how parts of code (i.e. functions) work both independently and in union. Though these kinds of functional testing may often be slow and repetitive, they can often help uncover bugs and glitches that may occur when software executes and can help resolving any defects much easier.
Quality assurance is (or should be for some) an integral part of software development. It is not simply enough to write code that can be compiled and executed without error. It is important, however, to ensure that the software that is being developed meets certain quality standards both on a functional and a non-functional aspect in order to create a competent piece of software.
Articles I read that discuss this post’s topic in greater depth:
1) https://www.tiempodev.com/blog/what-is-qa-in-software-testing/
2)https://mycrowd.com/blog/what-qa-testing-methodologies-are-there/
3)https://www.thebalancesmb.com/definition-of-quality-assurance-2533665
From the blog CS@Worcester – CompSci Log by sohoda and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.