At the core of software design must be basic principles. Following basic principles allows us to make sure we are on track with a standard. It creates consistency and makes it easier to maintain our code in the future, because we will know what to expect.

Following a single principle might be easy, but there are many object-oriented design principles. Sometimes, it is quicker to hack a solution together than to think up an elegant solution. These solutions may then be built upon, and the project will slowly stray from its original intent. Gaining the intuition of when and how to apply these principles is necessary to ensure that a project doesn’t become a mess of spaghetti as these quick-fix solutions add up.

“Simple can be harder than complex: You have to work hard to get your thinking clean to make it simple. But it’s worth it in the end because once you get there, you can move mountains.”

– Steve Jobs

Coding Blocks Episode 7 discusses these topics in the context of five of the most important design principles, known as SOLID. This podcast is great and I highly recommend it: it is hosted by professional programmers who discuss and debate the topics of each episode.

Each of these principles likely warrants its own podcast, and one or more blog posts to describe them in detail. Below is a short description of each one.

S: Single Responsibility Principle

• An object should only do one thing.

O: Open Closed Principle

• Code should have the ability to be extended, but it shouldn’t have to be modified.

L: Liskov Substitution Principle

• Replacing an object with one of its subtypes should not break the code.

I: Interface Segregation Principle

• Smaller, more specific interfaces are better. If an interface is too broad, an object may need to implement many methods it doesn’t need.

D: Dependency Inversion Principle

• Within a class, you don’t want to depend on an implementation. Instead, a higher-level class should depend on interfaces, which are implemented by lower-level classes. Don’t have an abstraction relying on an implementation. Have the implementation relying on an abstraction (interfaces).

Conclusion

The biggest takeaway from this podcast episode was that even professional programmers do not follow all of these principles all the time. Some of the concepts are confusing and contradict other principles. Some of them should only be applied when refactoring code after it is working, with the goal of improving your code.

However, when learning these principles, projects should be created with the sole goal of implementing these principles. Mentally solidifying these concepts by focusing on each one and converting it into code will help a developer to predict issues that may come up in the future when implementing production code. Knowing the context of the system, code can be written that mostly follows these principles right off the bat, and improvements can be made later as code is added and the patterns emerge. Most importantly: the foundation will be SOLID.

From the blog CS@Worcester – Inquiries and Queries by ausausdauer and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

          The book describes the “Learn How You Fail” pattern by talking about failure in general throughout a developer’s life. It explains that everyone fails at some point in their life and it shows the potential of growth. The blog continues to say that identifying where an individual specially fails can create better self-knowledge for their habits and behaviors. The main goal of this pattern is to then learn from these habits and behaviors to correct the ones that limit your potential. It brings to light the importance of creating an accurate self-assessment and awareness of weaknesses to find a realistic goal that can be accomplished. The book gives an example for coding where the programmer should try to use a text editor to implement a binary search in any language. Then write the tests for that search and run through it without a compiler manually to find any possible error you have made. You can compile the code after doing this to find any remaining errors that you may not have picked up.

          I found this pattern very interesting and informative in terms of self-understanding and creating reasonable goals. The way the pattern explains how habits and behaviors can become second nature which eventually leads to errors that we make unintendedly was very thought provoking. I enjoyed following the logic behind this and understanding how this can affect me in the long run as a developer if I don’t look for these errors now. This pattern has caused me to value my failures even more by teaching me more about learning from them. I always went with the logic that if I failed, I should simply not make that mistake again. However, this pattern showed me that instead of avoiding mistakes, I should naturally make them and learn from them in detail. This learning experience could provide me with deeper insight on how I will learn in the future and plan for my profession in a much easier light. I don’t disagree with the pattern at all, in fact, I thoroughly enjoyed every part of it. I especially enjoyed the example given using the text editor as a IDE to find mistakes in writing and compiling code.

From the blog CS@Worcester – Student To Scholar by kumarcomputerscience and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

When I picked up Apprenticeship Patterns, on Chapter 2, Emptying the Cup, the very first pattern caught my eye when the context and problem they presented seemed to apply to my situation closely. The pattern is “Your first language”, and the authors hit the nail on the head in my case when they explain the case of a budding programmer who only has limited knowledge of one or two programming languages, but the job opportunities demand a high level of technical proficiency.

Their advice is to stick with one language and become fluent in it. The logic is to hone your language skills by solving real world problems, developing code through test driven development, with the guide of experienced programmers.

The authors stress the importance of deciding which language to take on as your first. It makes sense, seen as how that language will be the primary tool we use to solve problems. In my case, it seems clear to me which is the right one. As many of us, my first and most familiar language is Java. Not only that, I am fortunate enough to have an internship opportunity which uses Java and JavaScript. So I have the real world opportunity to hone my knowledge, and access to mentors who are more knowledgeable than myself.

One final piece of advice the authors gave which I will take them up on is to find a community of people who are focusing on the same language and have similar experiences as you. For me right now that is my peers, and it is plain to me the mutual benefits of working with others who are in the same boat.

As much as I feel internal pressure to learn a variety of languages like C++, Python, etc., reading this pattern resonated with me and helped me make an informed decision to focus on what is pragmatic, as opposed to getting caught up in the ocean of possibilities. Since my first professional opportunity is using Java and JavaScript, I will focus on honing my skills in those areas as opposed to spending that time getting a surface level understanding of a different language that I might not immediately use.

From the blog CS@Worcester – Bit by Bit by rdentremont58 and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

As we will be looking for the best skill or training from masters, we need mentors or a mentors who we can watch up to.

From the readings and with the understanding if got, finding a mentor is not all that easy, let alone mentors. As someone who want to be an apprentice or who is already an apprentice, he or she must be very careful choosing a mentor. Some of the things he or she must know before choosing a mentor(s).

1. He or she must know her or his needs and also be very ready to be committed. Once he or she knows what he wants from the mentor then he starts searching. Only he know what things like dreams or desires and what type of person can help him get to where he wants to be. I also learnt from the readings, mentors do not have to be from the same company/industry, country or gender. One has to be more open minded to new possibilities by working outside of your comfort zone.
2. To really succeed in the working world, one has to search for many mentors as possible. This helps you gain more skills from different areas. For example, you can be learning networking from a particular mentor whilst also learning another area like software programming from a different mentor. With that you are gaining a lot which does not limit you to a particular field or area.
3. You need to choose very carefully when selecting a mentor. You don’t want to waste all your time learning things that will never be useful in your career. Also while carefully choosing for a mentor, one has to be sure he is very comfortable with the mentor.
4.  As time passes on, your life evolves, your needs change and the desire for a new mentor may become apparent.  However, the mentors that helped you grow and prosper should never be ignored. Though you may now have different mentors, the relationships you formed with those from the previous chapters in your life must remain active.

From the readings, I got the understating i need not to rush in getting a mentor. When choosing one, i have to be very careful. I should not limit myself to only one mentor but to learn from many mentors. In that case, at least i gain a bit of knowledge in every field. One particular thing that interested me was “Passing along what you have learned from your mentors is one of the ways in which you can begin the transition to journeyman status.” From, i come to understand that in order for me to get to the top or to be a master, i have to also search the knowledge i have gain to others.

From the blog CS@worcester – Site Title by Derek Odame and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Practice pattern:
You will learn by making mistakes and it is inevitable. How would you purposely make mistakes while on the job? This pattern suggests in order to do so you must find a mentor and have them hand you a task you are not comfortable with and move forward from there. Practice your skills and make improvements each time.

George Leonard says, “The people we know as masters don’t devote themselves to their particular skill just to get better at it. The truth is, they love to practice—and because of this they do get better. And then to complete the circle, the better they get the more they enjoy performing the basic moves over and over again.” I couldn’t agree with this quote more. Over the years we have completed numerous projects and learned many methods on solving problems we encounter while completing these projects. Over time we developed the skills of analyzing the way we go about writing code and fixing bugs without even realizing it.

10,000 hours. That is the amount of time it takes an individual to truly ‘master’ something. Now will that be the case for us? I wouldn’t say so to an extent due to the changes in technology but basic skills like planning, designing, problem solving and debugging would definitely improve given we put hours into working on these skills. The author also makes a very good point when he says practice does not make perfect if you are practicing the wrong skill over and over. There must be changes to improve on that skill each time one practices it.

From the blog CS@Worcester – Life in the Field of Computer Science by iharrynguyen and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

On this Software Development Capstone journey part of my assignment is to choose 10 Individual Apprenticeship Patterns out of 35 patterns among Chapters 2-6 from the book Apprenticeship Patterns: Guidance for the Aspiring Software Craftsmanby Dave Hoover and Adewale Oshineye. For my first individual Apprenticeship pattern I have chosen A different road. I will first summarize the pattern and then I will state my reaction of this pattern.

A Different Road summarized

After using Draw Your Own Map pattern and creating the map which you been following. You come to realized that the map you drew has led you away from the long road or the road your on is no longer the one for you. Even if you decide to take a detour and do something different from software development your software craftsmanship will always benefit you no matter what. Also, if you do leave and then decide to come back you will be bringing back with you new set of skills that will be beneficial because it will be a fresh new set of eyes with a new prospective. Although sometimes when you take a break some software organization might make you jump over a few hoops and ask you over 21 question seeking justification from you for leaving for a while and then deciding to come back.  The key is to no worry because you are a software craftsmen and everything you have learned will always be with you. An action you should take whenever you no longer want to be a software developer or you’re wondering what would/should you do? This pattern suggestion for you is to list the kind of jobs you would like to do and then find people who matches your jobs list and who also loves their job. Once you found that person you are to “Ask them what they love about it and compare that to the things you love about software development.”

My Reaction

This pattern helps you not worry and be confident that the road although different is not entirely different. It also, reassure you that its okay to take a different road. I agree with this idea. I found that this idea is not just interesting but also useful and thought-provoking. This pattern has definitely changed the way I think about my profession and the way I think I will work because it has made me less worry and more confident in knowing that I should not be afraid to go on different roads because as a software craftsman I will have a set of quality that will last a life time.

Thank you for your time. This has been YessyMer in the World Of Computer Science, until next time.

From the blog cs@Worcester – YessyMer In the world of Computer Science by yesmercedes and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

For the first week of apprenticeship pattern readings, I chose to read Draw Your Own Map. This pattern focuses on the career path that you chose for yourself based on your future or current employer. It tells a tale of how employers can only lead to a limited amount of career opportunities from your current job status. To work through this system, it is necessary to create a plan or road map for your future endeavors after moving forward from where you currently are. By lining up paths that can be available to you based on your current desires, knowledge, and expertise. It will be easier to find yourself in work that suits yourself the best instead of settling for less. These roadmaps should easily be updated to your current situation whenever you see fit. The overall idea behind this is that no one will be able to tell you how your career will end up, everything is up to you.

What I found interesting were the two short stories provided near the bottom of the pattern which clearly showed how reality will present itself. By providing evidence of how some apprentices feel about their current work experience, realizing what they actually wanted, and making a rather small but big step towards their dream career path is inspiring. It also goes to show that not all companies will have their interests aligned with their employees. Also, the action listed at the bottom is helpful to show that. By mapping out from each job choice and their potential benefits and paths that could open or give an overview of how you will end up later on. By not limiting your choices and have a willingness to redo the diagram until you are satisfied with the end result. There is a big possibility you will find happiness at the very end. Otherwise,  I enjoyed the fact that this pattern is straightforward with budding apprentices like myself. As quoted, “Understand that it’s not up to your employer, your career counselor, or your professors to give you a hand up.” Every decision lies in us, by having a plan, you can reduce the amount of roadblocks you will hit along the way and make more informed choices in your career path.

From the blog CS@Worcester – Progression through Computer Science and Beyond… by Johnny To and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.

Confront Your Ignorance discusses how to begin mastering gaps in your skillset that are relevant to your daily work. It is important to fill these gaps in whichever ways work best for you. For example, some people like to read introductory material until they have a good understanding of the basics, while others like to dive right in and learn by breaking things. Working with peers who are trying to learn the same skills will help you make better progress. Once you have a decent understanding, you must decide whether it’s more useful to dig deeper or start filling other gaps in your knowledge. There can also be negative side effects created by this pattern. If you implement an extremely complex system just to learn how to do it you can burden your coworkers and introduce unnecessary costs. It is also important to not let your education get in the way of delivering a product. A software craftsman must be willing to put the wider interests of the community before personal benefit.

I think that this pattern is very relevant because everybody eventually runs into ideas or techniques that they know nothing about while everyone around them seems to have them mastered. Knowing how to pick which skills are worth learning and being able to learn effectively are important traits required for success. Being able to confront your ignorance is something that everybody (especially software developers) should be comfortable doing.

While I agree with everything written in this pattern, I don’t think there is anything exceptionally thought-provoking about it. It’s basically another way of saying that you should continue learning throughout your career. I believe that this is an important thing to do, but there was nothing written in this pattern that will change the way I work or think about the profession. Overall I think that the content in Confront Your Ignorance is agreeable but I did not take away any new ideas by reading it. I do look forward to reading some of the other patterns that were linked in this one as they seem like they have related ideas that expand on what was written about in this pattern.

From the blog CS@Worcester – Computer Science Blog by rydercsblog and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.