OOP is used to structure a software program into simple, reusable pieces of code blueprints (usually called classes), which are used to create individual instances of objects.
Building blocks of OOP:
- Classes are where we create a blueprint for the structure of methods and attributes. Individual objects are instantiated or created from this blueprint. For example, we can look at Duck class covered in class activity.
- Objects are instances of classes created with specific data, for example rubber duck is an instance of duck class. It is crucial to remember that class is a template for modeling (a duck in our example), and an object is instantiated from the class representing an individual real-world thing (a rubber duck in our example).
- Methods perform actions; methods might return information about an object or update an object’s data. The method’s code is defined in the class definition. In simple terms, methods represent behavior. For our Duck example, ducks had methods like fly() and quack(). Duck’s had different behavior. Rubber duck did not fly and did not quack but squeaked. These behaviors are specified in methods.
- When objects are instantiated, individual objects contain data stored in the Attributes. State of objects depend on data in attribute. For example, Rubber duck is handled differently than a mallard duck based on the information in attributes.
The four principles of OOP:
- Inheritance allows classes to inherit features of other classes. Basically, child classes inherit data and behaviors from parent class. In our example, Rubber duck inherited display() from duck class.
- Encapsulation is containing information in an object and exposing only selected information to other classes. Private methods and properties are accessible by other methods of the same class. Public methods and properties are accessible by methods of other classes too.
- Abstraction is using simple classes to represent complexity. It uses simple things to reduce complexity. Abstraction means that the user interacts with only selected attributes and methods of an object. Abstraction is used in interface. In FlyBehavior we had abstract fly() which was defined in concrete classes as flyWithWings or flyNoWay.
- Polymorphism uses inheritance. Objects can override shared parent behaviors, with specific child behaviors. In method overriding, a child class can provide a different implementation than its parent class. In method overloading methods or functions may have the same name, but a different number of parameters passed into the method call.
Abstraction reduces complexity and constant overriding of method. Inheritance gives reusable structure across program. Polymorphism allows for class-specific behavior and objects of different types to be passed through the same interface. Encapsulation helps us prevent unwarranted change of important data by developers. Also, Prevents greater security risks like phishing that we face today.Advantages of OOP will never die out. Therefore, I have written this blog explaining OOP and I hope it has been useful.
Sources
https://codecoda.com/en/blog/entry/object-oriented-programming
From the blog CS@worcester – Towards Tech by murtazan and used with permission of the author. All other rights reserved by the author.
Hey guys, it’s a weird feeling to be wrapping up my last semester in my undergraduate career in computer science (and sociology). For this final installment of my AMPATH sprint series, I will just go over the general overview of what went on for my team.
In this final installment of my individual apprenticeship patterns, I think an important one to write about would be Find Mentors. To summarize the main point of this one, I would say that it encourages people to observe their role and their surroundings to see where they can find the most value from learning or use their resources. It encourages you to look at things from one level back instead of blindly jumping into something right away.
Over the past two weeks, my team continued to discuss what we are working on as usual. We have come to the conclusion that we will add our Search Bar component once there are updates and more of a base to work off of. This was concluded after we realized that the process would be much more efficient. The parameters and details on the search bar would be harder to figure out without making up a base anyways.
For my second-to-last individual apprenticeship pattern, I have decided to go with something a little more relevant to my current situation–relating to starting my career post-graduation.
For this sprint wrap-up, we discussed how we are trying to move on based on our team planning meeting. One of my teammates, Kristi, along with Professor Wurst, tried to check out an idea they had and continued to bounce ideas back and forth with one another until they came to a conclusion.
Hey guys! This sprint retrospective will cover what the WSU Coders Without Borders team has done from the week before spring break and up until this week.
As we have a few weeks left in the semester, I wanted to discuss the more creative apprenticeship patterns. This time I’m going to describe Craft Over Art, which is basically when a solution to a client’s problem can be solved with something that could work…or we could take it and go above and beyond. It’s being more innovative than just settling for a solution just to have something.
From recent conversations with friends and professionals I’ve had genuine one-on-one discussions with, a common concern people have is whether they will continue to actually enjoy what they do. Today I’m going to discuss the Sustainable Motivations apprenticeship pattern. This pattern pretty much goes over scenarios people may run into throughout their careers in technology. There will be great days where people may be amazed that they are getting paid to create things and there will be rough days where people may be doubting if it is the right profession for them at all.